Riesling丨Wine Couple HK

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Riesling

德國最古老的葡萄品種之一

Riesling is one of the oldest grape varieties in Germany. The variety was first mentioned in literature in 1435 and probably originated in the Rheingau region of Germany. DNA testing results showed a parent-child relationship between Riesling and Gouais Blanc, one of the oldest and most prolific grape varieties in Western Europe. Because Gouais Blanc is also related to at least eight grape varieties such as Chardonnay, Gamay and Elbling, Riesling is also more or less "blood related" to these varieties.

It is worth noting that Riesling is similar to Welschriesling (Welsh Riesling), Italian Riesling Italico (Riesling), Banat Riesling (Bana Riesling) and Cape Riesling (Cape Riesling) and other names with "Riesling" The grape varieties are not related in any way.

Riesling is aromatic and a grape variety that reflects the characteristics of the soil. It germinates late and is therefore often protected from spring frosts. Depending on the winemaking style, the harvest time and ripeness of Riesling will vary. The vines of this variety are hardy and therefore very cold-tolerant, making it the grape variety of choice in colder regions, but it also needs to be planted in the most suitable site to fully mature. Riesling maintains high quality at yields of nearly 7,000 hectoliters per hectare and is very resistant to downy mildew, but is more susceptible to powdery mildew and botrytis.

Riesling is also positioned as a sweet grape variety, but although Riesling is one of the best sweet wines in the world, most Riesling is still brewed in an unsweet or slightly sweet style. Overall, Riesling can produce crystal clear and aromatic white wines, often with flavors of citrus, wax, lanolin, etc. The wines are light to medium-bodied and have a lot of fresh acidity.

瀏覽 Mosel - 以斜坡為名的頂級德國Riesling產區這文章

Main planting areas and characteristics:

Germany
Germany is undoubtedly the number one country for planting Riesling. So far, the planting area of Riesling in Germany has reached 22,434 hectares, of which the Pfalz and Mosel regions account for 5,458 hectares and 5,390 hectares respectively. Take first and second place. Riesling performs best in the Mosel, Germany’s coolest growing region. There, the later-ripening Rieslings are planted on sunny slopes with slate-rich soil, which reflects more light and heat for the Rieslings to fully mature. Mosel's Riesling white wine has delicate fruit flavors and sweetness, with a low alcohol content (8% abv), yet is very acidic and requires aging in the bottle to further soften its acidity.

For a long time in the past, German Riesling wines almost always had a certain degree of sweetness (sometimes to cover up the wine's own flaws). However, with climate changes and consumers paying more and more attention to quality, Germany, especially It is in the southern production areas that more and more high-quality dry Rieslings begin to appear. The alcohol content of these wines is close to 13% abv, and no sugar is added during fermentation. Generally speaking, dry Riesling from Rheingau has a solid structure and a slight honey flavor; Riesling from Nahe has a more adventurous personality, sometimes with a grapefruit flavor. The Rheinhessen (Rheinhessen) production area is vast, and the styles of Riesling wines are also more diverse, some are full and rich, and some are tight and fresh. Pfalz's Rieslings are almost always fat, full-bodied and have a distinct honey flavor. The Riesling from Wurttemberg is light-bodied and fresh in style.

France
In Alsace, France, Riesling is by far the most widely planted grape variety. As of 2009, Riesling's total planting area in Alsace reached 3,382 hectares, surpassing Sylvaner, which once held the top spot. Traditionally, Alsace Riesling is fortified with grape mash and then fermented to produce a dry wine, so it is fuller-bodied than German Riesling. Only Vendange Tardive (late harvest) and Selection de Grains Nobles (noble rot selection) Riesling wines in this production area are made into sweet wines.

USA
In California, the United States, as of 2010, the planting area of Riesling reached 1,550 hectares. Most of the Rieslings here are quite soft and light, but there are some wineries that produce delicious Riesling wines that are suitable for long-term aging. Oregon, a state with a cooler climate, has always produced pretty good Rieslings. Thanks to the promotion of cooperative wineries, Washington (Washington State) not only grows a large number of Chardonnay, but also brews a lot of Riesling with bright fruit flavors and crisp acidity.

Australia
Riesling used to be a very important grape variety in Australia. Although its status is now replaced by Chardonnay, as of 2008, it still occupies 4,401 hectares of planting area in Australia and is the fifth most planted grape variety. Australia's Riesling is a unique style, and does best in cool-climate regions such as Clare Valley and Eden Valley. Riesling wines from these regions are dry, with medium-to-high acidity and aromas of citrus and stone fruits.