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Mouton Rothschild

1855 First Growths Grand Cru Classes

The property in the 18th century, along with Lafite and Latour, of the "prince of vines", the Marquis Nicolas-Alexandre de Ségur, then the Barons de Brane, Château Mouton Rothschild took its present name after it was acquired by Baron Nathaniel de Rothschild, from the English branch of the famous dynasty, in 1853.  For many years, despite the increasingly acknowledged quality of its wine, Mouton aroused little interest among its owners, unwilling to make the journey to a then-neglected region.  So it was a red-letter day when, in 1922, Baron Nathaniel's great grandson Baron Philippe de Rothschild, barely 20 years old, took in hand the destiny of an estate to which he would devote his entire life.

Bearing the stamp of his constant personal commitment, spirit of independence and visionary genius, the long reign (1922-1988) of Baron Philippe de Rothschild, poet and man of action, was marked by a series of key decisions, some of which would revolutionise the world of wine.  In 1924, Baron Philippe decided that all the wine should be bottled at the château, asserting the role and responsibility of the owners of top growths in the face of the all-powerful Bordeaux wine trade.  Hitherto, the wine had been delivered to the merchants in barrels.  This decision, soon taken up by others, meant that storage space at the château had to be increased.  The spectacular Grand Chai (Great Barrel Hall) at Mouton, designed by the architect Charles Siclis, was built in 1926.  In the same Médoc spirit, in 1933 Baron Philippe acquired a small wine-trading business in Pauillac, destined for a flourishing future under the name by which it is now known, Baron Philippe de Rothschild SA.  Among other wines, the company would produce and market Mouton Cadet, created in 1930 and now the world's leading Bordeaux AOC brand.  Later, the family extended its holdings around Mouton with the acquisition of two classified growths in the revered Pauillac vineyard: Château Mouton d'Armailhacq in 1933, renamed Château d'Armailhac in 1989, and Château Clerc Milon in 197o.

Château Mouton Rothschild spans 90 hectares (222 acres) of vines to the north-west of Bordeaux, on the edge of the Médoc peninsula, itself situated, as its name indicates, in medio aquae, amid the waters: those of the Gironde estuary to the east and of the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The Médoc vineyard, which dates • back to Roman times, now covers around 16,500 hectares (41,000 acres). The vines are planted on a narrow strip of land 80 km long and 5 to 10 km wide, close to the river, which irrigates the soil in depth and moderates differences in temperature. Bordering the northern limit of the Landes forest, the Médoc benefits from the mildness of the ocean climate while also being protected from its excesses.

The Château Mouton Rothschild vineyard, mostly situated on a hillock called the "Plateau de Mouton" which rises to 27m above sea-level, is planted on very deep gravelly soil with the varieties typical of the region: Cabernet Sauvignon (81%6), Merlot (15%), Cabernet Franc (3%6) and Petit Verdot (1%6). These proportions are not reflected identically in the wine, because the blend varies according to the character of each vintage. However, Cabernet Sauvignon always predominates: it is Cabernet Sauvignon that gives Mouton its rich tannins, its wealth of aroma and flavour and its ageing capacity, while Merlot, an inseparable companion, brings suppleness, roundness and exceptional length. As with other top Médoc wines, the vineyard is densely planted- 10,000 vines per hectare- and the average age of the vines is around 44 years.

Le Petit Mouton was launched in 1993 by the Baron's daughter, Philippine de Rothschild. The wine label design is inspired by the paintings of the famous poster painter Jean Carlu. It uses younger fruits in the garden. Its harvesting, brewing and bottling processes are the same as those of the genuine wine. Treatment, interpreting the majesty and mellowness of Pauillac.

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