AOC Margaux included 21 wineries of 1855 Grand Cru Classes ，Also included a lot of Cru Bourgeois

Margaux 

梅多克（Medoc）南部的瑪歌（Margaux）產區，因坐落著同名的頂級酒莊——瑪歌酒莊（Chateau Margaux）及其它20座1855列級莊而聞名於世。這裏的葡萄酒以優雅的風格著稱，精緻柔順，而這與該產區的風土有密不可分的關係。

瑪歌產區的葡萄種植歷史十分久遠，最早可追溯至高盧-羅馬時期（Gallo-Roman），波爾多首批種植的葡萄樹就位於瑪歌之內。18世紀時，瑪歌產區就以其出產的優質葡萄酒而享負盛名。美國第三任總統托馬斯·傑斐遜（Thomas Jefferson）就曾慕名而來，專門探訪產區內的酒莊。1954年8月，瑪歌產區正式獲得AOC認證，如今產區範圍包含瑪歌村、康特納（Cantenac）、阿爾薩克（Arsac）、蘇桑（Soussans）和拉貝德（Labarde）五個村莊。值得一提的是，瑪歌產區是梅多克地區面積最大的村莊級AOC，坐擁了61座1855列級莊中的21座。

延伸閱讀：

• 波爾多左岸 VS 右岸
• 波爾多1855 梅多克列級莊分級

瑪歌產區位於吉倫特河（Gironde）左岸，西面為蘭德斯森林（Landes Forest），有效阻擋了來自大西洋的海風，降低了海風對葡萄藤的影響。目前，該產區的葡萄園總面積約為1,500公頃，是梅多克六大產區中最大的一個。與聖朱利安（Saint-Julien）、聖埃斯泰夫（Saint-Estephe）和波雅克（Pauillac）等產區不同，瑪歌產區內很多酒莊的葡萄園並非總是分佈在一個完整地塊中，而是零散、交錯地分佈。因此，對於瑪歌產區的酒莊來說，除了傳遞產區的優越風土外，他們還要注重釀造工藝和葡萄品種的選擇，以打造出自家葡萄酒的獨特風格。

瑪歌產區的土壤主要為加龍河（Garonne）帶來的礫石，夾雜著石灰岩、鵝卵石和岩石等，黏土含量較低，是梅多克土壤較為貧瘠的一個產區，而這樣的土壤卻十分有利於葡萄藤的生長。由於礫石豐富，瑪歌產區的土壤排水性極佳，並可以反射熱量，有利於促進葡萄果實成熟。因土壤貧瘠，葡萄藤須深紮根於地下，以汲取生長所需的養分和水分，因此產出的葡萄果實風味濃郁豐富，充分反映出土壤所賦予的特徵。

延伸閱讀：Medoc 法國波爾多梅多克產區介紹

AOC Margaux

A red wine appellation in the Haut-Médoc sub-region of Bordeaux, Margaux is home to a greater number of Cru Classé estates than any other AOC on the left bank. It is also notable as the Médoc’s largest appellation with 1300 hectares under vine, and is known for producing refined, fragrant wines with intense colour and elegant tannins.

The temperate maritime climate of the region affords Margaux plenty of sunshine hours in the growing season, cooler night-time temperatures and unpredictable localised rainfall which can be heavy at times. To the east of the appellation, the Landes forest protects much of Margaux’s viticultural land from the cool Atlantic breeze, whilst the close proximity of the Gironde helps to moderate temperatures and reduce frost risk in the winter months. Given these conditions, the grapes here tend to ripen a little earlier than those in other left bank AOCs and certainly before the fruits of the cooler north bank appellations. Loose soils of gravel on a bed of limestone, often with larger stones and pebbles, force the vines to dig deep for nutrients and thus, the diversity of the deeper soils - the subtle nuances unseen at the surface - are reflected in the wines of the various châteaux.

The red Bordeaux blend of Margaux is permitted to contain any proportion of Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Cabernet Franc, Malbec, Petit Verdot and Carménère, although most Margaux wines are dominated by the Cabernet Sauvignon grape, which performs well in the appellation’s quick-draining, gravel-rich soils. It is most frequently blended with Merlot for its softness and complexity, and with smaller amounts of the supporting varieties to enhance particular characteristics in the finished wine. The Grand Vins of Margaux are, by comparison with the powerful blends of Pauillac, light and delicate, with a complex aromatic profile and alluring appeal. The best vintages from the top châteaux will continue to improve in the bottle for thirty years or more.

Margaux Famous Producers 

1855 Classification 

Premiers Crus, 1855

Chateau Margaux

Deuxiemes Crus, 1855

Chateau Brane-Cantenac、Chateau Durfort-Vivens、Chateau Lascombes、Chateau Rauzan-Segla、Chateau Rauzan-Gassies

Troisiemes Crus, 1855

Chateau Boyd-Cantenac、Chateau Cantenac-Brown、Chateau Desmirail、Chateau Ferriere、Chateau Giscours、Chateau d’Issan、Chateau Kirwan、Chateau Malescot St-Exupery、Chateau Marquis d'Alesme Becker、Chateau Palmer

Quatriemes Crus, 1855

Chateau Marquis-de-Terme、Chateau Pouget、Chateau Prieure-Lichine

Cinquiemes Crus, 1855

Chateau Dauzac、Chateau du Tertre

Classement 2020 Crus Bourgeois 

Cru Bourgeois Exceptionnel

Chateau d'Arsac、Chateau Paveil de Luze

Cru Bourgeois Supérieur

Chateau Deyrem Valentin、Chateau Mongravey、Chateau la Tour de Mons

Standard Cru Bourgeois

Chateau Bellevue De Tayac、Chateau La Fortune、Chateau Pontac Lynch